In 2002, the Brazilian Chemical Society have promoted several activities aiming to prepare a document to discuss the education in Chemistry in Brazil, the new model of research funding, the area situation and its perspectives. The document drew up diagnoses and brought up proposals that were organized into six mobilizing axes. Among its conclusions it was expected an alignment of scientific and technological research, considering the central role of Chemistry in solving problems and overcoming challenges affecting the education, full citizenship, climate changes, food production and quality, access to and quality of water, energy security, preservation of ecosystems and species, emerging diseases and quality of life. The current moment brings again challenges, imposed by a new technological generation, the transformations of the urban societies and by the commitment with a sustainable development. This article seeks to outline a panorama, using as background the Industry 4.0, the Society 5.0, the Sustainable Development Objectives, the creation of the EMBRAPII, the SENAI Institutes of Innovation and the role of the graduate programs in Chemistry, in order to construct a new agenda under the scope of the SBQ for the next 15 years.

Phytochemical investigation of the leaf extracts from Miconia ferruginata (Melastomataceae) led to the isolation and characterization of the flavonoids 5,6,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone, 5-hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxy-8-methylflavone and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6,8-dimetilflavone, triterpenes ursolic acid and oleanolic acid, in addition to the steroids β-sitosterol and stigmasterol. The structures of these compounds were proposed by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature data. This paper also describes the insecticidal effects of leaf extracts from M. ferruginata to one of the main pests of maize, the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda). The ingestion bioassays, the leaf extracts showed an elongation of the larval stage of 16.56 days as compared to the control.

ABSTRACT In this work, four secondary metabolites were isolated from leaves of Pachystroma longifolium (Euphorbiaceae): loliolide, gallic acid, methyl protocatechuate and ethyl gallate. Their structures were established by physical and spectroscopic methods. The extracts of P. longifolium and the purified compounds were tested as cathepsins inhibitors and the extracts were active.

ABSTRACTThe antimicrobial activity of the myrsinoic acid A isolated from Myrsine coriacea (Sw.) R.Br. ex Roem. & Schult., Primulaceae, and a two semi-synthetics derivatives was tested against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus luteus, Candida albicans, Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis. The microdilution method was used for the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration during evaluation of the antimicrobial activity. The myrsinoic acid A showed no activity against the selected microorganisms but the hydrogenated and acetylated derivatives were active against B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.

A new flavonoid, catechin-3-O-(3"-O-trans-cinnamoyl)-α-rhamnopyranoside, along with known compounds, catechin-3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside, 3-oxo-urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 2,4,6-trimethoxybenzoic acid, 2-butyl-D-fructofuranoside and 1-butyl-D-fructofuranoside, has been isolated from the stem bark of V. thyrsoidea. These compounds were assayed for inhibition of protease activity (cathepsins B and K) and against cancer cell lines. Catechin-3-O-(3"-O-trans-cinnamoyl)-α-rhamnopyranoside showed moderate inhibitory activity (IC50 = 62.02 µM) against cathepsin B while 2-butyl-D-fructofuranoside was the most potent against a strain of CNS (SF-295) and human leukemia (HL-60) with IC50 = 36.80 µM and IC50 = 25.37 µM, respectively.